I am in Australia, so you will want to check your seasonal requirements, ok. You need about 20 ft x 12 ft min to keep a family of 2 eating a good proportion of their own veg.
Preparation is the key, get lots of well broken down manure, compost, any organic matter, and dig in lightly. Check the pH if you can, adjust; ask a local nurseryman.
Plant about 1/2 the lot in tomato’s, but select 2 or 3 varieties, a "rouge de marmande is very good old style, if it will grow there, try it. Also some of the italian tomatoes, egg shape, great for sauces, cooking etc. Also some of those tiny salad tomatoes, space the bushes as per advice, larger varieties need about a square yard. They need support, so get heavy 1" x 1" stakes ready, and string or wire binders.
The basil, throw a bunch of seeds or spread out a punnet of seedlings in an area about 1 sq yard, every 10 inches or so, making a thick clump when grown up.
Same with parsley, try two varieties of things when available.
The garlic may need slightly better drainage, it depends on local factors, try mounding or ridging, then plant a group in a small circle or line on top, they will all be pulled out when the tops whither, so not too close, or too far apart. Find local advice for garlic, brown, white or red onions. Try some spring onions, and chives. Clumps again. Be careful to set the seed at the correct depth depending on which, size of seed etc. Seedlings are faster, but limit choices.
Try to find non-proprietary seed, from "olde worlde" seed collectors/businesses, you can use seed you collect yourself for the next year, corporate seeds are crap.
Run out of time again, good luck, email any other probs if you like, i like to try to help when i have time.